MGMT 2110 Organizational Behavior Essay Example

MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior Essay 57. pdf downloaded by ytwongaJ from http:// at 2013-12-09 08:39:27. Academic use within HKUST only. MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior Fall 2011 Dr. PrithviraJ Chattopadhyay EXAM II sample Instructions For the multiple choice questions, choose the one BEST answer and mark it on the bubble sheet with a PENCIL. Write the color (White) of your exam paper on the top right hand corner of your bubble sheet. For the essay questions, write your answer on the exam paper itself. No extra paper will be provided. You must hand in BOTH the bubble sheet and the exam when you are done. No re- entrance once you leave the exam hall. You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete the exam. Complete the following information before you hand in your exam: I have neither given nor received aid during this exam. Signature Print Your Name Student ID number For use by the Examiners Part I( part II QI part II Q2 Total Part l: Multiple Choice Questions (1. 5 points each answers on the last page) 1 . Which of the following best describes how emotions influence the problem identification process? A: Emotions have no effect on how people identify problems. B: The emotional brain center classifies incoming perceptual information as bad or ood, which then influences the rational brain centers evaluation about whether that situation is a problem. C: Emotions mainly determine signal us to follow either a programmed or nonprogrammed decision process. D: If the rational brain center determines that the situation is a problem, it transmits this evaluation to the emotional center, which then energizes the decision maker to act without choosing alternatives. E: Emotions ensure that we rely on the rationality and avoid intuition in the decision making process. . Which of the following is a potential problem when evaluating and choosing alternatives in decision making? A: Limited information processing B: Implicit favorite C: Satisficing D: All of the above E: only A and C 3. The Director of Nursing is looking for a new work schedule for nurses throughout the hospital. She evaluates a schedule system as soon as she learns about it. Eventually, sh e finds a schedule that is good enough for her needs, even though there may be better schedules available that she hasnt yet learned about. We will write a custom essay sample on MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on MGMT 2110: Organizational Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Director of Nursing is engaging in: A: c: escalation of commitment. perceptual defense. satisficing. post-decisional Justification. none of the above. 4. Which of the following questions is NOT explicitly considered in the contingencies of employee involvement? D: Do subordinates need to develop their decision-making skills? Is conflict among subordinates over preferred solutions likely? Is the problem unique? How important is subordinate commitment to the decision? Do subordinates have sufficient information to make a high-quality decision? 5. Which of the following statements about teams and groups is FALSE? A: Some teams may not have any norms. Team members do not need to be friends. Team members are interdependent with one another to some degree. All members f a work group have some degree of influence in the team. A team always requires a purpose. 6. How do norms affect the behavior of team members? Norms encourage members to try new behaviors not previously sanctioned by the team. Norms represent the glue or esprit de corps that holds the team together. Norms help the team regulate and guide the behaviors of its members. Norms help the team move from the forming to storming stages of team development. Norms apply to the attitudes and beliefs, not the behaviors, of team members. 7. As team leader, you discover that a competitor is about to develop a similar roduct that your group is currently developing. Your teams success (developing a better product sooner) is still possible, but will be challenging. What is most likely to happen if you tell your team members about this external threat? The team would become more cohesive. The team would try its best to introduce dysfunctional norms. The team would move quickly to the adjourning stage of team development. Individual team members would become more productive through social loafing. All of the above. 8. In team dynamics, process losses are best described as: information about team processes that are lost when team members need to make riends. information about team processes lost due to imperfect communication between two members. knowledge lost when a team member leaves the organization. team resources expended towards team development and maintenance. none of the above. 9. A financial institution wants to create online communities whereby employees can quickly receive information about a specific current question or topic from colleagues throughout the organization. Which of the following communication media would likely work best in this situation? A: company newsletter Instant messaging E-mail Weekly interest group meetings Interdepartmental mail 10. Safety representatives in each of the six plants of a manufacturing company need to communicate to each other every week the number and type of health and safety incidents in their plant. Each representative has a safety reporting document where he or she checks off the type and number of infractions during the previous week. These incidents are well known to other representatives; there are rarely any surprises. This weekly communication calls for: high media richness. high emotional contagion. mostly nonverbal communication. face-to-face meetings. elatively low media richness. 2 1 1 . Japanese culture tends to value silence in communication because: A: it clearly symbolizes that the listener disagrees without actually saying so. t symbolizes respect. it indicates that the listener is thoughtfully contemplating what has Just been said. of all of the above. of B and C. 12. Active listeners improve their evaluating activities by: A: organizing information. showing interest. clarifying the message. interrupting when they disagree with the speaker. doing all of the above. 13. Which of the following statements about power is FALSE? A: Each type of power may be linked to m ore than one influence tactic B: Power requires interdependence in the relationship. C: Power is the capacity to influence, rather than the actual practice of influencing others. D: Power exists only when one person has something of value for a second person, but the second person has nothing of value for the first person. E: People sometimes gain power by convincing others that they have something of value for them. 14. Until recently, a large sales organization gave supervisors all key information for further distribution to their employees. But with the introduction of a company intranet and other information technologies, this information is now mostly available directly to employees. By distributing corporate information directly to employees rather than through their supervisors, the company has: A: increased the legitimate power of supervisors. decreased the information based power of supervisors. increased the centrality of supervisors. decreased the companys ability to cope with uncertainty. increased the expert power of supervisors. 15. Which of the following would potentially increase someones power through non- substitutability? A: Avoiding documenting unique knowledge about organizational processes. Increasing the number of people affected by your work. Increasing the amount of autonomy granted to you to accomplish your work. Using Impresslon management strategies to Increase your popularlty wltn colleagues of the above. 3 . None 16. Which of the following is an example of the influence tactic of controlling information? A: A new executive immediately posts his diplomas and awards on the office wall for others to see. B: To demonstrate that cost overrun errors arent due to production employees, the production manager privately shows senior executives xamples of how the marketing manager makes mistakes on orders. C: The vice- president of marketing deliberately places an issue that she dislikes near the bottom of next meetings agenda (rather than near the top) so there is less chance the meeting will have time to address that issue. D: To increase the chances of promotion to a more senior Job in the company, an employee exaggerates to management about his role on the executive of a non-profit group. E: Airline employees threaten to go on strike Just a few weeks before the company begins its busiest season and most profitable part of the year. 17. Recent leadership writing suggests that emotional intelligence: is the only trait that distinguishes effective from ineffective leaders. is an important characteristic of effective leaders. is less important than early writing on leadership traits had assumed. is unrelated to effective leadership. is currently unimportant, but will become an important leadership trait as the workforce ages and Jobs become less production-oriented. 18. According to research, which of these was lower among employees who work for supervisors with low levels of task-oriented leadership? Absenteeism orlevances Turnover Job dissatisfaction Job performance 19. Which leadership style in path-goal theory is most closely associated with goal setting and positive self-fulfilling prophecy? Directive Supportive Participative Achievement-oriented None of the above 20. Which of the following statements about the leadership substitutes model is FALSE? A: Some situational conditions substitute for task-oriented or people-oriented leadership styles. Some leadership substitutes are incorporated into the path-goal leadership theory. Leadership substitutes neutralize or replace transformational rather than transactional leadership. Leadership substitutes include characteristics of the employee, task or organization that either limit the leaders influence or make it unnecessary. E: Leadership substitutes take a contingency-oriented view of leadership. 4 Part II: Essay Questions (35 points each please answer two of the three following questions). 1. Teams are becoming more critical in todays increasingly competitive business world. Answer this set of questions based on course concepts on team dynamics. Ratner tnan relying on aeslgn engineers alone to aeslgn new products, tn San Remo Resources wants to form teams of people from several departments to evelop more creative products. These teams will consist of design engineers, manufacturing engineers, marketing staff and purchasing staff. San Remos CEO believes that these teams will develop more creative products than design engineers did when working alone. Identify three potential constraints that might interfere with the CEOs expected benefits of team-based decision making and creativity (20 points). Your answers may consider the following ideas: Time constraints. Teams take longer than individuals to make decisions. Unlike individuals, teams require extra time to organize, coordinate and socialize. The larger he group, the more time required to make a decision. Team members need time to learn about each other and build rapport as well as to manage an imperfect communication process so that there is sufficient understanding of each others ideas. They also need to coordinate roles and rules within the decision process. Evaluation apprehension. Individuals are reluctant to mention ideas that seem silly because they believe (often correctly) that other team members are silently evaluating them. This is most common in meetings attended by people with different levels of status or expertise or when members formally evaluate each others erformance throughout the year (as in 360-degree feedback). Evaluation apprehension is a problem when the group wants to generate creative ideas, because these thoughts often sound bizarre or lack logic when presented. Unfortunately, many potentially valuable ideas are never presented to the group because creative thoughts initially seem ridiculous and a waste of time. Pressure to conform. Conformity causes team members to suppress their dissenting opinions about discussion issues, particularly when a strong team norm is related to the issue. When someone does state a point of view that violates the majority pinion, other members might punish the violator or try to persuade him or her that the opinion is incorrect. Groupthink. This is the tendency of highly cohesive groups to value consensus at the price of decision quality. There are strong social pressures on individual members to maintain harmony by avoiding conflict and disagreement. They suppress doubts about decision alternatives preferred by the majority or group leader. Team members want to maintain this harmony because their selfldentity is enhanced by membership in a powerful decision-making body that speaks with one voice. High cohesiveness isnt the only cause of groupthink. It is also more likely to occur when the team is isolated from outsiders, the team leader is opinionated (rather than remaining impartial), the team is under stress due to an external threat, the team has experienced recent failures or other decision-making problems, and the team lacks clear guidance from corporate policies or procedures. . Due to a corporate restructuring, three of the six employees who work on your corporate investment team have been transferred to other teams and three new recruits to the organization will be assigned 5 I †4eulA_6Y1 5/. p0T aownloaaea Dy ytwongaJ Trom nttpw to your team as replacements. Although the three new hires are experienced from other o rganizations, they are new to your organization and your team. Consequently, your team will pass through most stages of team development again. Describe any three (3) stages of team development that your team will probably experience after the new recruits Join the team and provide an example of specific events that might occur in these stages (1 5 points). Any three of the first four stages of team development would be appropriate the answer below does not include the examples. Forming. During this first stage, both new and current members learn about each ther while the new members receive an orientation about what is expected of them on the team. The new members are probably on their best behavior and look for rules to follow. Current members might be on their guard somewhat, but engage in less information gathering and image management than the recruits. Storming. During this second stage, the new recruits start to assert their preferences more. They might suggest changes to existing practices (based on their experiences elsewhere). They also try to take on preferred informal roles. The existing team members may experience some conflict with the recruits as they try to defend xisting norms, role assignments and work practices. Depending on the aggressiveness of the recruits and the responsiveness of current members, this could be a difficult stage for the team to pass through. This is particularly because the new recruits have previous experience from other organizations. Norming. This third stage occurs when recruits and current team members alike have formed common mental models regarding the teams objectives and work processes. Task interdependence occurs more smoothly with less negotiation of behaviors required. This does not necessarily mean that new recruits have adjusted to the current ractices. It is possible that recruits have adjusted the mental model by convincing current members to change in some way. Performing. In this fourth stage, the team becomes more task oriented and devotes less attention to team maintenance. Coordination is smooth and efficient and there is strong cooperation among team members. At this stage, there would be few differences between the new recruits and more senior team members. 2. Good communication is essential to any groups or organizations effectiveness. Answer this question based on course concepts on communication. 6

Mr. Posgais Biology Ii Class Lab Essays - Web Colors, Free Essays

Mr. Posgai's Biology Ii Class Lab Essays - Web Colors, Free Essays Mr. Posgai's Biology Ii Class Lab Abstract Mr. Posgais Biology II class often pondered the thought of insects attraction to certain colors on flowers. Well, on September 14, 1999, we decided to experiment and figure out which colors on flowers were more dominant over others. Our Biology class divided up into groups of two and three people. Each group took a different colored piece of poster board. One person in each group applied Tangle Trap to the twelve by nine inch area and stapled each board to a piece of lattice. We then took the lattice outside, about fifty feet from the school building and left it outdoors for about forty-eight hours. When we retrieved our lattice, we counted the number of insects on each board and proved our hypothesis, that insects prefer yellow flowers and white flowers over the other colors, to be true. Introduction During the week of September 13, through September 17, Mr. Posgais Biology II class carried out an interesting experiment involving insects and their color attractions. Pollination is vital to insect and flower reproduction. Birds and insects drift from flower to flower, selecting the appropriate flavor of their choice to carry on their necessary task of nature. With the way nature works, this process sounds to be simple; however, it is much more complicated and in a sense, more unbelievable than you could ever imagine. A bird or insect flies or walks up into the flower to reach the pollen. As time moves o, that same bird and/or insect will move on to something else and carry the pollen with it. The pollen being transferred like this is a major factor in the flower reproduction system. My class came up with the hypothesis that the insects would be most attracted to the colors of yellow and white. Our hypothesis was proved to be true when we brought in the lattice containing all of the individual colored poster board pieces. The results were not surprising to us, as white had gathered eighty three insects and yellow gathering eighty. These colors together almost are more than the rest of the colors insect amount combined. Materials and Methods -9 Different color poster boards: red, blue, yellow, white, purple, green, black, orange, and hot pink -Tangle Trap -Putty knife -Pencil -Ruler -Lattice -2 sticks Everyone in the class first divided up into groups of three and four people. Each group chose a 14 by 11 piece of poster board of a different color. They took the ruler and marked off with the pencil, approximately a one inch border for handling. With the putty knife at hand, they applied the Tangle Trap to the middle of the board, being careful not to let it get on their hands or clothing. Handling the piece of poster board by the one inch border on the sides, each group carefully took their board and stapled it to the lattice. The lattice was then placed outside (being held up by the two sticks) with all nine different colored poster boards stapled on it, with each piece having a 12 by 9 available trapping space. After about forty-eight hours, they retrieved the lattice and each group took back their assigned color and counted the number of insects on it. Discussion/Conclusion After retrieving our lattice board from outside, and carefully counting over and over, for reassurance, the total amount of insects on each piece of poster board, and the different types, our class came to the final conclusion that yellow, white, and red were the more dominant colors in this particular experiment. Although, this did not exactly match our hypothesis, the results were close. Also, you must take in to consideration when reading this conclusion that we only made one trial. During a normal experiment, there should be more than one test. Afterall, if is hard to determine the facts of nature with multiple experiments, let alone just one. There could also be many other factors which affected our results. An example would be that not everyone calculated exactly a one inch border from the sides of their poster board. Some people may have put the Tangle Trap on their board thicker than others, which would lead to more or less insects sticking to their particular poster board. Another factor may be that the group who was in charge of the purple poster board had to color a plain white piece. Meaning that the board may not be completely purple, and the insects may be attracted to the white spots showing through the colored board.

Best economic progress since WWII Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Best economic progress since WWII - Essay Example However, its economic growth did not translate into military might since its international status was regulated by treaty powers. Indeed, German’s economy has successfully grown since the World War II. Germany did not act as decisive leader, but projected itself as a good team player, in the international affairs. The increased levels of Germany economy after the World War II, was caused by elimination of price controls, reduction of marginal tax rates, and currency reforms, between 1948 and 1949 (William 48). Before the year 1948, Germany was controlled by rationing and price controls. Price controls and rationing, which existed before 1948, were meant to buy raw materials at artificially low price. Most Germans lacked enough food due to price control on food. Currency reform, in Germany, was pioneered by Ludwig Erhard. He was determined to shape a successful economy in Germany. The currency reform led to the abolition of Reichsmark. As a result, a new currency-deutsche mark- was introduced. The currency reform was installed on 20 June 1948. Most Nazi and occupation regulations and rules were abolished to usher in a new economy; currency reform aimed at the provision of valuable store, and accepted legal tender. It also laid a foundation for West German State and economy (William

Analysis opera market in Princeton area including psychographic Assignment

Analysis opera market in Princeton area including psychographic profile including life-styles, attitudes, personalities - Assignment Example Such has been used to hold iconic events in the region. An example of an Opera House that has been successful over time is the Sydney Opera House that has been active for over 40 years (ABC News). Linking personality to promote the opera house is important. People who are mostly open, conscientiousness and extroverted are more willing to offer clientele. In the area, people like meeting up, the opera would provide the meeting point. The opera house will be a place to exchange ideas among the people. The people may perceive opera houses to be places for rich people. This may influence the high income earners to go to the opera house. The desire of the people in the region to go to the opera house will be driven by curiosity to seek entertainment from the new establishment in the area. Moreover, more people can be coerced to the opera by their peers since most of the population in the region consists of young adults to middle aged person. In this regard, the psychographic data is important in establishing the market for the opera house. According to Kane, an editor with the Irish Times, a good example is the Wexford Opera house where in 2014 reported to have sold almost 90% of the 21 500 tickets put for sale for the different

In what ways does phonological transfer affects Spanish learners in Research Paper

In what ways does phonological transfer affects Spanish learners in the learning of English - Research Paper Example The critical analysis of the articles will explain phonological transfer in the sense of vowel transfers. The other part of the work will make an analysis and recommendations on phonological transfer and their impacts with the two extremes of language. The mistakes of Spanish students in terms of phonology and morphology of language will be analyzed real context. The analysis will integrate the analysis of influencing factors and how they affect the learning of the new language with reiteration being made on English learners as the second language. A conclusion will furnish the readers with my final stand on the issue of phonological transfer with respect to vowel transfer. The study further shows the interaction between bilingualism, vowel contrasts, and novel words. Bilingual participants had greater difficulty with the certainty of vowel contrasts that were contained in learners words, whereas native English participants had no significant difficulty with vowel contrasts in either real or novel words. The main variables that affected the bilingual participants’ in the process of phonological transfer were the age of acquisition of English, the report of problems in communication in English, and the overall percentage of time that was devoted to communication and learning in English. INTRODUCTION A number of previous studies have shown that phonological transfers have a vast impact when it comes to the learning of a language as the second language. The impacts have been observed when it comes to the experience of both the adults in production and perception of L2 sounds. Non-native speakers of language accuracy of pronouncing the vowels are inversely related to their age as opposed to their accuracy in pronouncing the consonants. Flege (1991b) found out in one of his studies that the non-native Spanish speakers who went to the US produced English vowels in an intended manner more often than those who went to the US as adults who produced the vowels in a more or less non-intended manner. There was a less spectral overlap between adjacent between the adjacent vowels as spoken by the early bilinguals as compared to those from the late bilinguals (Garcia Perez, 2003). Furthermore, there is the other impact of phonological transfer in terms of the vowel production accuracy as they vary among the individuals who began speaking the language when they are adults. Flege (199a) found out that English spoken by students with mild accents were more intelligible than that spoken by students with strong foreign accents. This is despite the fact that the basis of the strong accent with respect to vowel production differences still remaining unknown. There are questions raised though of whether the improvement in vowel production in adults occur naturally when one is exposed to L2 or it needs some special talents. The methodology for the findings above was conducted on ten Spanish speakers and having no other language acquired in the period of t he research at level 400 or at far the university level. The students were recruited at their respective English classes across the universities of the US states. The students were generally from the same state and were between 20-23 years of age. The average number of years that the students had studied English was 7.8 with the greatest having studied for 12 years and the least 4 years (Kuhl & Iverson, 1995). A greater percentage of about 60% and above had done the studies of the language for more than 7 years including how vowels move concerning the experience of the speaker with English language. This

Rise of YouTube Celebrities as a Media Product

Rise of YouTube Celebrities as a Media Product YouTube is a worldwide video sharing website established on the 14th of February in 2005 by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karmin. Chad Meredith Hurley (born January 24, 1977) an American co-founder and former CEO of the popular video-sharing website YouTube and MixBit shared YouTubes aims to the media: We wanted to create a place where anyone with a video camera, a computer and an internet connection can share their life, art and voice with the world. When Chad Hurley joined hands with his ex-Paypal colleague Steve Chen to create the video sharing site called YouTube, little must he have thought he was in the process of revolutionizing the way people viewed online content. YouTube went on to become the second largest search engine in the world after Google. And a history was made when it was acquired by Google for a mind-boggling $1.65 billion in October 2006! Today Chad Hurley is a billionaire, thanks to the stock options that he received from Google during the acquisition of h is personal achievement YouTube. But behind this wealth there lies something extremely priceless a will to succeed and a will to create something unique and different. In recent years, YouTube has opened new doors for talent discovery. Never before has it been so easy for talented singers, dancers, actors and artists to achieve instant fame. Today, a person can upload a video of himself singing to YouTube and, if it gets seen by the right person, he could receive millions of views, get a record deal and begin a whole new life overnight. Bethany Mota In June 2009, at the age of 13, Bethany Mota started her YouTube channel, /MacBarbie07, as a way to share her creative fashion and beauty tips. Five years later, a large audience of more than 5 million subscribers (collectively averaging 20 million monthly views) who cant seem to get enough of her tutorials, haul videos and style advice. How did Bethany go from making videos in her bedroom to launching her own clothing line and appearing on national TV? We can take three important lessons from Bethanys success. During her first few months of uploading, Bethany adopted many of the Beauty Fashion formats that were becoming popular on YouTube at the time. She uploaded haul videos (showing off her recent shopping purchases), makeup tutorials and vlogs with youthful fashion tips. Her videos did well, but her first video to surpass 1,000 views was a makeup tutorial based on popstar Selena Gomez. Bethany realized that tying her video to a trending topic-one that resonates with her target a udience-increased her exposure. That videos modest success enabled the videos that followed to reach thousands of viewers too. Bethanys videos resonate with her audience because her personality, style and themes are perfectly suited to teen interests-and they mirror her own interests. Videos such as You Are Not Alone(2010) and Confidence (2011) directly address issues central to the teen experience: bullying and self-confidence. Bethany has literally grown up on YouTube, and shes transformed herself into a renowned influencer and a successful brand. Her channel began as /MacBarbie07, featuring a consistent schedule of haul videos and tutorials. But as she and her channel matured, focusing on back to- school programming and other compelling videos, Bethany shifted gears: She has now branded the channel with her true name (youtube.com/bethanymota). This change reflects her genuine personality and the strong connection shes built with her fans. Bethanys eye for fashion, smart programmi ng ideas and strong relationship with her audience have ultimately enabled her to become one of the most popular and influential beauty and fashion creators on YouTube. Her fashion videos are so popular, that she became a millionaire by the time she was 18 years old. Her current net worth is approximately $2.2 million as of 2015. Business Insider estimated in 2014 that her annual income is $480,000. That means that Bethany Mota earns $40,000 per month. The social impact of YouTube is phenomenal. Ten billion views a month is a number that speaks for itself: Online video is an explosive new medium, and YouTube has proven to be dominant in this arena. And while for some the site provides mere entertainment, for others, YouTube is proving to be a valuable research tool, as well as a medium for expression or documentation of aberrant behavior. Jaime Curry Hawkes Bay teen Jamie Curry began posting videos from her bedroom in 2012, aged 16. Her Jamies World brand exploded into a wildly popular Facebook page and more importantly, YouTube channel. The 18-year-old online screen queen from Hawkes Bay now has more than ten million followers on Facebook and more than a million subscribers on YouTube. New Zealand teenager Jamie Curry of Jamies World has been nominated for Favourite Internet Sensation by the Kids Choice Awards. The awards show is run by American network Nickelodeon and hosts superstars like Ariana Grande, Selena Gomez and Cody Simpson. Curry was excited because she had never been nominated for anything so big out of New Zealand before. Obviously I watched Nickelodeon as a kid, so its weird, she said. Graduating from high school last year, Curry now works full time on her videos. In fact, she didnt know what she would be doing without her online career. I was kind of like one of those real lost kids, she said. I didnt have an int erest in drama or in acting, I was like Oh yeah thats impossible So Im lucky that this stumbled across my lap because otherwise I would be very lost. New Zealands most famed social media export has currently just come out with a book! Her book, titled Jamies World: They let me write a book! promises to take her fans behind the scenes of her online existence. Its latest in a long line of behind the scenes books published by YouTube stars. Jamie Curry Net Worth: $92,000YouTube Has Revolutionized Education YouTube is chock full of how to videos, tutorials and lectures. If you have a question or want to know how something is done all you have to do is search for it in YouTube and odds are there is an educational video waiting to teach you everything you need to know. In fact, some people are even beginning to use YouTube as a tool for offering a free education to people around the world. For instance, hedge fund analyst Salman Khan quit his job to start offering a free education on the web, via YouTube. Through the Khan Academy, Khan offers over 1,400 tutorials, teaching about everything from math and finance, to physics, chemistry and biology. With videos like Khans on YouTube, all that a person needs is an internet connection and they have access to a fantastic education, even in third world countries. If you ask me, Id say this is pretty incredible and revolutionary. Tyler Oakley Tyler Oakley is a worldwide YouTube sensation with a quirky sense of humour that put him at the forefront of gay politics and culture. He won a Teen Choice Award for Most Popular Male Web Star in 2014. He has earned over 8 million subscribers on his YouTube channel. He is a close friend and frequent collaborator with Troye Sivan. Tyler Oakley figured out social medias power to launch a brand in this case, his own long before most corporations even created Twitter accounts. Oakley uploaded his first public YouTube video in 2007, and then only three years later was offered a national marketing campaign with YouTube. Hes obsessed with pop culture at one point a self-proclaimed professional fangirl for One Direction and charmingly honest, especially about his life as a young gay person. The 26-year-old, who describes himself as a twink from the Internet, currently counts 7.5 million YouTube subscribers and 4.6 million Twitter followers. There are some people who dont want to acknowle dge the power of the Internet, but in 2015 social media is a powerful machine. Oakelys Internet presence a majority of his followers are teens even caught the attention of the White House, who reached out to him to interview first lady Michelle Obama. When Oakley posted the trailer for his upcoming documentary Snervous, it soon (#SnervousTrailer) trended on Facebook. Hell soon be in homes across America as hes slated to appear on the upcoming season of CBSs Amazing Race. Oakleys rise to Internet prominence, though, didnt happen overnight, and his recently released collection of humour essays Binge discusses his Internet journey. It seems like a wave of YouTubers have been dropping books lately, but Oakleys stands out, because his topics range from the silly 20 Things Id Do If I Were Beyoncà © for the Day to the very serious such as his struggle with an eating disorder. To some, 26 might seem young to write a memoir or personal essay collection, but Oakley uses his unique perspect ive on YouTube to write a touching and timely book. In Binge, already a New York Times bestseller, readers find Oakley at his realest. Oakleys net worth is estimated to be $2 million as of 2015. YouTube offers a platform for spreading truth and inciting change. YouTube has given people around the globe a platform through which they can post videos to show the world, first-hand, what is going on in their countries; to show the world the reality of situations that may not be being broadcast on the news or may be hidden by the government; and to let people know about different issues that they may not have heard about and getting viewers to take action. Non-profit organizations, fundraising teams and more have used YouTube to spread the word about everything from the death penalty to saving the rainforests with web video activism on YouTube. Millions of dollars have been raised and petitions have been signed as the result of YouTube campaigns. But what is really amazing is the way YouTube has revealed the truth about various political situations and evens around the globe. One of the most amazing examples of YouTube as a platform for spreading the truth is the story of Neda Agh a-Soltan, who was killed in protests over the Iranian election of 2009. The world had no idea what was going on in Iran until a video of Neda being killed was uploaded to YouTube. It spread like wildfire and soon the entire world jumped into action, doing what they could to stop the troubles in Iran and show their support. For me, one of the most amazing things about YouTube is its ability to make the world smaller. And, no, I dont mean that YouTube has literally shrunken down the globe. What I mean is that YouTube has given us the power to travel the world with a single click. Sure, before YouTube existed we could learn about distant countries and cultures by reading books and articles online, watching documentaries and looking at published pictures. But YouTube allows us to take things a step further and learn about places and cultures around the world from the actual people who live there. YouTube has given people around the globe a platform through which they can post videos to show the world, first-hand, what is going on in their countries; to show the world the reality of situations that may not be being broadcast on the news or may be hidden by the government; and to let people know about different issues that they may not have heard about and getting viewers to take action. YouTube may have sta rted off as an online media page to share videos about yourself and your interests, but today it has transformed into a career path for so many people and a way to see the world through others eyes. Bibliography: https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/case-studies/bethany-mota.html http://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/67435984/kiwi-internet-sensation-jamie-curry-up-for-award https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyler_Oakley http://www.famousbirthdays.com/people/tyler-oakley.html http://www.salon.com/   http://www.adweek.com/socialtimes/youtube-changed-the-world/27206 www.the-net-worth.com/2015/05/bethany-mota/ http://www.adweek.com/

The White Scourge: Mexicans, Blacks, and Poor Whites in Texas Cotton Culture :: United States History Johnny Cash Essays

The White Scourge: Mexicans, Blacks, and Poor Whites in Texas Cotton Culture On his 2000 studio album, "American III," Johnny Cash sang in a resigned voice, "I got a crib full of corn, and a turnin' plow/ But the ground's to wet for the hopper now/ Got a cultivator and a double tree/ A leather line for the hull and gee/ Let the thunder roll and the lighting flash/ I'm doing alright for Country Trash."* Raised on a cotton farm in Dyess, Arkansas, Cash articulated a racialized class divide not simply among whites and African Americans, but among whites, themselves. Cash belonged to a growing class of impoverished white farmers increasingly referred to by his contemporaries as "white trash," and recast by historian Neil Foley as "The White Scourge." In his book of the same title, Foley analyzes the impact of class and race consciousness on white tenants and sharecroppers in central Texas as they competed for farm labor with both African Americans and Mexicans from 1820 to 1940. Foley asserts, "The emergence of a rural class of 'white trash' made whites consci ous of themselves as a racial group and fearful that if they fell to the bottom, they would lose the racial privileges that came with being accepted for what they were not-black, Mexican, or foreign born."(7)** "The white scourge", the masses of impoverished whites held in limbo between privilege and denial, Foley asserts, is what informs race relations today. The heart of Foley's argument rests on an analysis of the intersection of race and economics or class. Indeed the two are joined at the hip, race being created and sustained out of competition for labor. On June 23, 1845, the Republic of Texas was annexed to the U.S. as a slave state. Foley notes "the annexation of Texas as a slave state†¦became the great white hope of northern expansionists anxious to emancipate the nation from blacks, who, it was hoped, would find a home among the kindred population of 'colored races' in Mexico."(20) But rather than uniting as kindred races, discord between poor whites, African Americans and Mexicans resulted from competition for farmland as either tenant farmers or sharecroppers. Foley argues that prior to the Civil War, there was a sharp line delineating tenant farmers and sharecroppers. Tenant farmers were almost always white, owned their own tools and rented land for a third of the cotton and a fourth of the grain harvested.